Insight into Aging

Communicating With A Person Who Has Dementia

Dementia is the loss of mental function in two or more areas, such as language, memory, visual and spatial abilities, or judgment, that is severe enough to interfere with daily life.  Dementia itself is not a disease, but a set of symptoms that accompanies certain diseases or conditions.  There are many different conditions that cause dementia, including but not limited to Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, head injuries, nutritional deficiencies, and infections. It is very common for those who are afflicted with dementia to have their ability to communicate greatly diminished.  Not only do these individuals have more difficulty expressing themselves, but they also can have trouble understanding others.  Attempting to communicate with an individual who has dementia requires patience and understanding.  Above all, you must be a good listener.  Here are some tips on how to more effectively communicate with your loved one:

1. Use short, simple word and sentences: do not overwhelm with lengthy explanations or requests.   Keep to the point, be concise.
2. Give one-step directions: break down tasks and directions into simple steps.
3. Ask one question at a time: patiently wait for a response.
4. Repeat as needed: if the personal doesn’t respond, wait a moment, and then ask again in the same way, using the same words as before.
5. Avoid vague words: instead of saying “here it is”, try “here is your sweater”.
6. Give visual clues: point or touch an item you are speaking of, start a task and allow the person to finish it.
7. Pay attention: to your tone, body language, and attitude.  Avoid talking down to the person, or talking as if he/or she isn’t there.  Always use respect and maintain their dignity.

-Information obtained from the Alzheimer’s Association
By Megan Diehl, Director of Resident Services